Application of BODMAS in Maths helping you solve expressions step by step

BODMAS is an acronym that represents the order of operations in mathematics, helping you solve expressions step by step. It stands for:
• B: Brackets
• O: Orders (i.e., powers and roots, like squares or square roots)
• D: Division
• M: Multiplication
• A: Addition
• S: Subtraction
The rule tells you the sequence in which you should perform these operations in a mathematical expression to get the correct result. Here’s how it works:
1. Brackets (B): Solve anything inside parentheses `()`, square brackets `[]`, or curly braces `{}` first.
Example: In the expression `2 × (3 + 5)`, solve the part inside the brackets first:
`2 × (3 + 5) = 2 × 8 = 16`
2. Orders (O): Solve powers (exponents) or roots next. This includes squares `2²` or square roots `√`.
Example: `4 + 3²` → solve the exponent first:
`4 + 9 = 13`
3. Division (D) and Multiplication (M): Do these next, from left to right, whichever comes first.
Example: In `6 ÷ 2 × 3`, you divide first (because division comes first from the left):
`6 ÷ 2 = 3`, then multiply:
`3 × 3 = 9`
4. Addition (A) and Subtraction (S): Perform these operations last, also from left to right.
Example: `5 + 3 – 2`, you add first:
`5 + 3 = 8`, then subtract:
`8 – 2 = 6`
Example of BODMAS in action:
For the expression:
`3 + 6 × (5 + 4) ÷ 3²`
1. Brackets first:
`3 + 6 × (9) ÷ 3²`

2. Orders (Powers):
`3 + 6 × 9 ÷ 9`
3. Division and Multiplication from left to right:
`3 + (6 × 9) ÷ 9 = 3 + 54 ÷ 9 = 3 + 6`
4. Addition:
`3 + 6 = 9`
So, the result is `9`.
This is how the BODMAS rule helps in solving complex expressions in the correct order!

Local Public Health Problem

Paper details:
Analyze a proposed solution to a public health problem, demonstrating the ability to present concise oral and written reports that defend the
appropriateness of the solution selected.
You have been hired as a Deputy Secretary of Health Office Intern of Maryland. The topic of healthcare is mentioned in the national news on an almost weekly basis. Given the upcoming gubernatorial election, the governor has asked the health commissioner to provide a summary of the state’s public health status. The Secretary has tasked you to develop the analysis and assessment of such.
Go to the Country Health Rankings & Roadmaps website https://www.countyhealthrankings.org/ and complete the following steps:
1. Access the Rankings for Maryland.
2. View the maps for health outcomes and health factors for the most recent year available, and compare the two. Which counties rank first
and last in the state? Is the ranking of health outcomes and health factors aligned? Why? Or why not?
3. Use the “Compare Counties” feature to examine your home county with another (it can be either the first, last, or another of your choosing).
Describe how your home county compares to the state as a whole. Tip: pick one health outcome and one health factor to compare across the
counties and the state.
4. Go to the Action Center and explore the sections there. Based on the Governor’s elections concerns, you think that he might be questioned
-On the ethical issues around the public health outcome/factor you chose to analyze.
-It would drive the question about the local policies in place to address it,
-And the state/federal regulations and agencies responsible for their enforcement.
5. The Candidate will be expected to demonstrate viable ideas and plans in counteracting the issue as well as leadership tools applied to calm
and reassure the public.
Develop:
1. Conduct analysis and develop a research brief (research report) addressing 1-4 no longer than 6-8 pages long.
2. Develop a Press Release conveying the information from your research report ( https://www.semrush.com/blog/hook-the-media-with-7-
easy-steps-to-writing-a-press-release-free-template/?
kw=&cmp=US_SRCH_DSA_Blog_Core_BU_EN&label=dsa_pagefeed&Network=g&Device=c&utm_content=515715474945&kwid=dsa1053501807067&cmpid=11769537497&agpid=117335014711&BU=Core&extid=167368304751&adpos=&gclid=Cj0KCQjw3f6HBhDHARIsAD_i3
3LCkm2dQSd22SYHE2pJFDebWWglrhJZfuTuzf78FTny1doQslwtwaAvifEALw_wcB) for the Candidate to be presented at the press conference
dedicated to the election.
Deliverables:
Research Report (6-8 pages plus the title and reference pages)
Submit the Press Release (no more than 600-800 words plus the title and reference page) in a separate file for grading

“Sugar in School Breakfasts: A School District’s Perspective”

Sugar in School Breakfasts: A School District’s Perspective

As schools across the nation strive to improve the health and well-being of students, the issue of sugar in school breakfasts has become a significant topic of discussion. While breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day, helping to boost energy and focus, the high sugar content in many school-provided meals has raised concerns among educators, nutritionists, and parents alike. From a school district’s perspective, the balance between providing nutritious, affordable, and appealing meals remains a constant challenge. This article delves into the impact of sugar in school breakfasts, the rationale behind current practices, and efforts to reduce sugar while maintaining student engagement with school meal programs.

The Role of Breakfast in Student Health and Performance

Research consistently shows that children who eat breakfast perform better academically, have better memory retention, and demonstrate improved concentration in class. Breakfast also helps regulate mood and behavior, particularly in younger students. For many students, especially those from low-income families, the school-provided breakfast may be their only meal to start the day.

Given the crucial role that breakfast plays, it is essential that the meal be nutritious. However, many popular school breakfast items, such as sugary cereals, pastries, and flavored milk, contain excessive amounts of sugar, which has sparked debate about the health implications of these foods.

Why Is Sugar So Prevalent in School Breakfasts?

Several factors contribute to the high sugar content in school breakfasts:

  1. Cost Efficiency: School districts often operate under tight budgets when it comes to meal programs. Processed foods, which often contain added sugars, are typically cheaper and have a longer shelf life. These products are easier to distribute to large numbers of students and are often more affordable than fresh, whole foods.
  2. Student Preferences: Schools are faced with the challenge of serving meals that students will actually eat. Sugary items like flavored yogurts, cereal bars, and sweetened milk are highly popular among children, leading schools to offer these items to ensure participation in the breakfast program. School districts fear that if they eliminate or reduce sugar-heavy options, participation may drop, and students could skip breakfast altogether.
  3. Regulatory Standards: While there are federal guidelines in place for school meals, they allow for a certain level of added sugars. Programs like the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program provide some flexibility to schools, but often focus more on calorie and nutrient intake (such as vitamins and minerals) rather than strictly limiting sugar.

Health Impacts of High-Sugar Breakfasts

Although providing any breakfast is better than none, the long-term impact of excessive sugar consumption is concerning. High sugar intake, especially in the morning, can lead to several negative health outcomes, including:

– Energy Crashes: Sugary breakfasts can cause a quick spike in blood sugar levels followed by a sharp crash, leading to fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating—exactly the opposite of what a breakfast meal is supposed to do.

– Obesity: Excessive sugar intake is linked to childhood obesity, a growing concern in the United States. School breakfasts that are high in sugar contribute to the daily sugar intake of students, many of whom are already consuming too much sugar outside of school.

– Increased Risk of Chronic Diseases: Consuming too much sugar over time can increase the risk of developing chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and dental problems. For schools, the challenge lies in balancing immediate student satisfaction with long-term health outcomes.

The School District’s Dilemma: Providing Nutritious Yet Appealing Meals

From a school district’s perspective, reducing sugar in breakfasts is not just a matter of nutrition—it’s also about participation and logistics. If students don’t find the meals appealing, participation in school breakfast programs could decline, leaving many students without any morning meal. Skipping breakfast entirely could lead to worse outcomes than a sugary breakfast, particularly for students who rely on the meal as their main source of nutrition.

Efforts to Reduce Sugar in School Breakfasts

Despite the challenges, many school districts are actively working to reduce the sugar content in their meal programs. Here are some strategies being implemented:

  1. Gradual Menu Changes: Some districts are introducing healthier breakfast items gradually to allow students time to adjust. For example, swapping sugary cereals for whole grain versions, or offering fresh fruit instead of fruit juice.
  2. Educating Students and Families: Nutrition education is key to long-term change. Many districts are incorporating lessons on healthy eating into their curriculum and are engaging families to make healthier choices at home as well. By creating awareness around the negative effects of sugar, districts hope to influence student preferences.
  3. Offering Healthier Alternatives: School districts are beginning to offer more whole foods, such as oatmeal, eggs, and whole grain toast, as alternatives to sugary items. The goal is to provide foods that are not only nutritious but also palatable to students.
  4. Reforming Beverage Options: A significant source of sugar in school breakfasts is flavored milk. Some school districts have started offering plain milk or water as the default beverage, with the option to choose a flavored version if desired. Reducing the availability of sugary drinks helps cut down on sugar without removing student choice entirely.
  5. Working with Suppliers: School districts are collaborating with food suppliers to create healthier options that fit within budget constraints. Some districts have successfully pushed for reformulated products with reduced sugar content, such as cereals and breakfast bars.

Conclusion: Finding the Balance

Reducing sugar in school breakfasts is a complex challenge for school districts, involving a careful balance of nutrition, budget, and student preferences. While the health risks associated with high sugar consumption are well-known, the realities of cost and participation cannot be ignored. To move forward, schools must continue to explore innovative solutions to provide healthier meals that students enjoy, while educating them on the importance of a balanced, low-sugar diet.

Ultimately, a holistic approach—one that includes menu changes, education, and stakeholder collaboration—can help school districts reduce sugar in breakfasts without sacrificing the participation that is vital to student health and academic success.

Assignment Help: Your Ultimate Guide to Academic Success

In today’s competitive academic environment, students face immense pressure to excel in their studies while juggling multiple responsibilities. This is where assignment help services come into play. These services provide professional assistance to students who need help with their assignments, projects, and coursework. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the benefits of assignment help, how to choose the right service, and why it can make a difference in your academic performance.

What Is Assignment Help?

Assignment help refers to academic assistance offered by professionals to students who need support in completing their assignments. These services cover a wide range of subjects and disciplines, including essays, research papers, dissertations, and case studies. Whether you’re in high school, college, or pursuing a graduate degree, assignment help services cater to all academic levels.

Benefits of Using Assignment Help Services

1. Improved Grades: One of the main reasons students opt for assignment help is the potential for better grades. Professional writers and tutors provide well-researched, properly structured, and original assignments, giving students a competitive edge.

2. Time Management: Students often struggle with managing their time, especially when they have multiple assignments due. Assignment help allows students to focus on other important tasks, such as preparing for exams or participating in extracurricular activities.

3. Expert Assistance: Professional assignment help services employ subject matter experts who are well-versed in their respective fields. They provide in-depth knowledge and insights, which helps students understand complex topics more effectively.

4. Plagiarism-Free Work: A reliable assignment help service guarantees original content. By ensuring that the assignment is free from plagiarism, students can submit their work with confidence, knowing that they’ve followed academic integrity guidelines.

5. Customized Solutions: Every assignment has specific requirements, and professional services offer personalized solutions tailored to individual needs. This ensures that students receive assignments that meet their professor’s guidelines and expectations.

How to Choose the Right Assignment Help Service

Choosing the right assignment help service is crucial for ensuring high-quality work and a positive experience. Here are some tips for selecting a trustworthy provider:

1.Check Reviews and Testimonials: Look for reviews from other students who have used the service. This will give you an idea of the quality of work, punctuality, and customer service.

2. Qualified Writers: Ensure that the service employs qualified and experienced writers with expertise in the subject area. A good service should provide profiles or credentials of their experts.

3. Plagiarism Policies: Choose a service that guarantees 100% original content. Look for providers that use plagiarism detection software to ensure that the assignments are unique.

4.Timely Delivery: Make sure the service has a track record of delivering assignments on time. Late submissions can negatively impact your grades, so punctuality is key.

5. Customer Support: Good communication is essential. Select a service that offers 24/7 customer support so you can get help or updates at any time.

6.Affordable Pricing: While affordability is important, avoid choosing the cheapest option without considering the quality of work. Look for services that offer a balance between quality and cost, with transparent pricing and no hidden fees.

Common Subjects Covered by Assignment Help Services

Assignment help services typically offer assistance in a wide range of subjects, including but not limited to:

– **Business and Management**: Marketing, finance, HR, and accounting assignments.
– **Science and Engineering**: Chemistry, physics, biology, computer science, and mechanical engineering.
– **Social Sciences**: Sociology, psychology, political science, and history.
– **Humanities**: English literature, philosophy, and language studies.
– **Mathematics**: Algebra, calculus, statistics, and geometry.
– **Law**: Legal case studies, essays, and research papers.

Why Should You Consider Using Assignment Help?

There are several reasons why students should consider using assignment help services. First and foremost, it helps relieve academic stress. With deadlines constantly looming and workloads increasing, assignment help can ease the pressure, allowing students to focus on other important aspects of their education.

Additionally, assignment help services offer valuable learning opportunities. By reviewing the completed assignments, students can gain a better understanding of how to structure their papers, properly cite sources, and present arguments effectively.

Lastly, for international students or those who may struggle with language barriers, assignment help can improve language fluency and comprehension, leading to better academic performance overall.

Final Thoughts on Assignment Help

Assignment help services provide an essential lifeline for students looking to balance their academic responsibilities with other life commitments. Whether you’re seeking expert knowledge, improved grades, or simply more time to focus on other tasks, assignment help can be the key to unlocking your academic potential.

By choosing a reputable service that meets your specific needs, you can enjoy the benefits of personalized support, on-time delivery, and high-quality, plagiarism-free assignments. Don’t let stress take over—explore assignment help services today and take a step towards academic success!

FAQs: Assignment Help

1. Is using assignment help services legal?
Yes, using assignment help services is legal. These services are designed to assist students in learning and understanding their coursework better, but it’s important to use the content as a study guide or reference rather than submitting it as your own work without proper citation.

2. How much does assignment help cost?
Prices vary depending on the complexity, length, and deadline of the assignment. Most services offer competitive rates, with options to select based on your budget and academic level.

3. Can I communicate directly with the writer?
Many assignment help services offer direct communication with the writer or tutor to ensure that your instructions are clear and your expectations are met.

4. What happens if I am not satisfied with the work?
Reputable assignment help services usually offer revisions or a money-back guarantee if the final product does not meet your standards or the initial requirements were not followed.

5. How do I know if an assignment help service is reliable?
Look for reviews, testimonials, and ratings from other students. Also, check if the service has clear policies on plagiarism, confidentiality, and revisions.

Why Are Veterans More Susceptible To Homelessness Than Civilians, And What Psychological Factors Play A Role In Their Path To Homelessness?

Veterans have long been overrepresented in homeless populations compared to civilians. Despite serving their countries and often receiving specialized training, veterans face unique and compounding challenges that increase their susceptibility to homelessness. This essay will explore the reasons why veterans are more vulnerable to homelessness and highlight the psychological factors that contribute to this issue.

1. Transition from Military to Civilian Life

One of the key reasons veterans are more susceptible to homelessness than civilians is the difficulty in transitioning from military service to civilian life. The military environment provides a structured, regimented lifestyle where many decisions are made for service members, including housing, healthcare, and financial management. Upon discharge, veterans often find themselves unprepared for the relative independence and lack of support systems in civilian life. This transition can be overwhelming, especially for veterans without strong family or community ties.

For some veterans, the skills developed during military service do not directly translate to the civilian job market, leading to unemployment or underemployment. Without stable income, veterans are at a higher risk of housing insecurity. The difficulty in finding employment is compounded for veterans who may have physical disabilities or psychological issues related to their service, which can make it even harder for them to secure stable housing and employment.

2. Psychological Factors: PTSD and Trauma

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most significant psychological factors that contributes to homelessness among veterans. Veterans, especially those who have experienced combat or other traumatic events during their service, are at a higher risk of developing PTSD than the general population. PTSD can lead to a range of symptoms, including flashbacks, nightmares, heightened anxiety, and emotional numbness, all of which can severely disrupt an individual’s ability to function in daily life.

PTSD often goes untreated or is under-treated, which exacerbates the problem. Veterans with PTSD may struggle to maintain relationships, hold down a job, or even manage basic self-care. In many cases, PTSD leads to social isolation and withdrawal, making it difficult for veterans to access or seek help when they are at risk of losing housing. Additionally, PTSD can result in behavioral issues that lead to legal problems, job loss, or estrangement from family and friends, all of which increase the likelihood of homelessness.

3. Substance Abuse and Addiction

Another psychological factor contributing to homelessness among veterans is the prevalence of substance abuse and addiction. Many veterans turn to alcohol or drugs as a way to cope with the physical and psychological pain they experience after service. Whether it’s dealing with PTSD, depression, anxiety, or chronic pain, veterans may self-medicate rather than seeking professional treatment.

Substance abuse can lead to a downward spiral of job loss, financial instability, and broken relationships, all of which contribute to housing insecurity. Veterans struggling with addiction are also more likely to engage in behaviors that lead to legal issues, such as petty crime or DUI offenses, further increasing their risk of becoming homeless. The cycle of addiction is difficult to break, particularly for veterans who have limited access to comprehensive mental health care or who feel stigmatized about seeking treatment.

4. Mental Health and Co-Occurring Disorders

Beyond PTSD and substance abuse, veterans are also more likely to suffer from other mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and traumatic brain injuries (TBI). These co-occurring mental health disorders create significant barriers to stable housing. Veterans with untreated or poorly managed mental health conditions may have difficulty maintaining employment or interacting with landlords, exacerbating their housing instability.

Moreover, mental health issues can strain relationships with family members or friends who might otherwise serve as a support system during difficult times. Veterans with untreated mental health disorders often struggle to advocate for themselves or navigate the complex systems required to access veterans’ benefits, housing assistance, or healthcare, leaving them at greater risk of homelessness.

5. Lack of Access to Adequate Healthcare and Support Services

While there are services available to veterans through the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and other programs, not all veterans are able to access these resources effectively. Many veterans are unaware of the benefits available to them, or they face long wait times, bureaucratic red tape, or other barriers to receiving care. This is particularly true for veterans who suffer from mental health or substance abuse issues that make it difficult to navigate these systems.

Additionally, the stigma surrounding mental health treatment and seeking help can prevent veterans from accessing the care they need. Veterans are often trained to be self-reliant and resilient, and seeking help for mental health problems can feel like a sign of weakness to some. This cultural factor further prevents veterans from receiving the psychological and medical support that could help them avoid homelessness.

6. Social Isolation and Loss of Support Networks

The experience of military service often involves close-knit camaraderie and teamwork. However, upon leaving the military, many veterans find themselves without the strong social networks they had during their service. Reintegrating into civilian society can be challenging, especially for those who have spent years or decades in the military. Veterans may feel disconnected from civilian life, unable to relate to friends or family who haven’t shared their experiences.

This social isolation can contribute to feelings of hopelessness and despair, which may prevent veterans from reaching out for help before they become homeless. A lack of social support also means veterans have fewer safety nets to rely on, such as staying with family or friends, when they face financial difficulties or housing insecurity.

Conclusion

Veterans face a unique combination of challenges that make them more susceptible to homelessness than civilians. The transition from military to civilian life can be difficult, particularly for veterans dealing with psychological issues like PTSD, depression, or substance abuse. Additionally, mental health disorders and social isolation contribute to the cycle of homelessness. While there are services available, many veterans struggle to access the resources they need due to bureaucratic barriers, stigma, or a lack of awareness. Addressing these issues will require a multifaceted approach that focuses on better mental health support, addiction treatment, and stronger safety nets for veterans as they reenter civilian life.

Film Review Reflection: For Want of a Home

*For Want of a Home* is a poignant and evocative documentary that delves into the often-overlooked lives of individuals facing homelessness. Directed with empathy and precision, the film brings to light the multifaceted nature of homelessness, exploring its root causes, daily challenges, and the complex human stories behind the statistics. In this reflection, I will consider the key elements of the film, its emotional resonance, and the larger social issues it raises.

**Themes and Social Commentary**

The central theme of *For Want of a Home* revolves around the lack of stable housing and how it intersects with mental health, addiction, unemployment, and systemic poverty. One of the most striking elements of the film is its ability to humanize homelessness, showing how a combination of bad luck, trauma, and institutional failings can quickly spiral into a life without shelter. The documentary successfully challenges the stereotypes and stigmas that often surround homelessness by focusing on the individuality and dignity of its subjects.

What stands out is the film’s nuanced portrayal of how society’s structures can fail those who are most vulnerable. The bureaucratic hurdles, lack of affordable housing, and insufficient mental health support are recurring points that highlight systemic issues. By doing so, the film not only documents personal stories but also serves as a powerful critique of the societal framework that leaves so many without a home.

**Cinematography and Storytelling**

The cinematography of *For Want of a Home* plays a key role in building emotional connection with the audience. The use of handheld cameras and intimate close-ups brings the viewer directly into the personal spaces—whether shelters, streets, or temporary accommodations—of the film’s subjects. This direct visual engagement helps break down the emotional distance between the audience and the individuals featured in the documentary.

The storytelling approach is another strong point. Rather than relying on a single narrative, the film interweaves the stories of several individuals, each with a unique background. This mosaic of personal experiences allows the audience to appreciate the diversity of circumstances that lead to homelessness. Some subjects are families who have been displaced due to economic downturns, while others are veterans, individuals struggling with mental illness, or young people escaping domestic abuse. The film skillfully avoids sensationalism, presenting each story with respect and honesty.

**Emotional Impact**

One of the most compelling aspects of *For Want of a Home* is the emotional depth it conveys. The vulnerability of the individuals depicted is palpable, but the film does not simply portray them as passive victims. Instead, it highlights their resilience, strength, and determination to rebuild their lives. The filmmakers give voice to the inner struggles of these individuals, letting them express their hopes, fears, and frustrations. As a viewer, I found it hard not to feel a profound sense of empathy, as the film forces you to confront the uncomfortable reality of homelessness in a personal and immediate way.

The emotional impact is heightened by the moments of hope and connection that appear throughout the film. Acts of kindness, solidarity between those experiencing homelessness, and the work of advocates and volunteers remind the audience that, while the system may fail many, human compassion and empathy persist.

**Larger Social Issues**

Reflecting on *For Want of a Home*, I am struck by how deeply the film probes the root causes of homelessness and the failures of public policy. It encourages viewers to reflect on their own preconceptions about homelessness and to consider the broader societal shifts needed to address the crisis. Issues of affordable housing, wage disparity, and the lack of a comprehensive social safety net are raised throughout the documentary, positioning the issue of homelessness not just as an individual problem but as a structural one.

The film also highlights the importance of advocacy and activism, showing how grassroots movements and local organizations often step in where government policies fall short. This serves as a call to action, reminding viewers that systemic change is possible but requires collective effort and political will.

**Conclusion**

*For Want of a Home  is a powerful, thought-provoking film that challenges its audience to reconsider what it means to be homeless and what it means to be human. By focusing on personal stories and the broader social structures that contribute to homelessness, the documentary encourages empathy, action, and reflection. It is a film that lingers long after the credits roll, making it a significant contribution to the conversation around housing inequality and social justice.

This reflection has prompted me to think critically about my own role in perpetuating or alleviating social issues like homelessness. It also serves as a reminder of the importance of using art and film to bring about awareness and change.

The impact of COVID-19 on business management practices (case study: Tesco)

Introduction
The aim of this assignment is to critically discuss the effects of Covid-19 on the management and, leadership practices in Tesco. According to Rosnizam et al., (2020), Tesco is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer founded by Jack Cohen in 1919. It started as a small market stall in the East End of London, and it has grown to become the third-largest retailer in the world measured by gross revenues. According to Ng et al., (2019), today, Tesco operates in 11 countries, with over 6,000 stores and more than 450,000 employees worldwide. Tesco is primarily a retail business that sells a wide range of products, including groceries, clothing, electronics, and home appliances (Calvo, 2022). The company operates in various sectors, including food retail, clothing, and financial services. The company’s headquarters is located in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, in the UK. According to Karet al., (2021), Tesco’s organisational structure is designed around its various business units, including Tesco Superstores, Tesco Extra, Tesco Metro, and Tesco Express. The company has a hierarchical structure, with senior executives overseeing various departments and business units. 

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on business management practices across industries, and Tesco, one of the largest retail chains in the UK, provides a compelling case study to explore these changes. Here’s an overview of the key impacts and how Tesco adapted its management practices in response to the pandemic:

1. **Supply Chain Management**

– **Impact**: Tesco faced disruptions in its global supply chain due to factory closures, transportation restrictions, and surging demand for certain products (like toilet paper, hand sanitizers, and groceries).
– **Response**: Tesco adapted by increasing collaboration with suppliers and diversifying its supply base. They also worked to manage stock levels efficiently, limiting bulk purchases and implementing rationing on high-demand items.

2. **Workforce Management**

– **Impact**: Tesco had to quickly adjust to government restrictions, leading to staff shortages due to illness or isolation and increased demand for online services.
– **Response**: To address these issues, Tesco introduced flexible working hours, hired temporary workers, and provided financial support to vulnerable employees. They also implemented safety measures such as personal protective equipment (PPE), social distancing, and regular sanitization within stores.

3. **Digital Transformation & E-commerce**

– **Impact**: With physical stores facing capacity limits and lockdowns, online shopping saw a sharp increase.
– **Response**: Tesco accelerated its digital transformation by scaling up its online delivery service and click-and-collect options. They expanded delivery slots, increased the number of staff for picking and packing online orders, and invested in technology to manage the surge in online demand.

4. **Customer Experience & Service**

– **Impact**: Customers’ expectations shifted during the pandemic, with more emphasis on safety, convenience, and contactless shopping experiences.
– **Response**: Tesco introduced various measures to improve the customer experience, such as offering priority delivery slots for vulnerable customers, implementing contactless payment methods, and setting up dedicated shopping hours for healthcare workers and the elderly. They also launched new mobile apps and streamlined the website for better service.

5. **Leadership and Crisis Management**

– **Impact**: The pandemic tested leadership and crisis management across the company. Decision-making had to become faster and more flexible to adapt to the rapidly changing situation.
– **Response**: Tesco adopted more agile leadership practices, with a focus on clear communication, transparency, and swift decision-making. Senior management held regular updates and communicated with employees and stakeholders to ensure everyone was informed about the company’s plans and safety measures.

6. **Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)**

– **Impact**: The pandemic raised the importance of CSR, as businesses were expected to support both their communities and employees during the crisis.
– **Response**: Tesco increased its involvement in community support, donating millions of meals to food banks and charities. They also introduced initiatives to support local communities and NHS workers. Tesco’s CSR efforts during the pandemic strengthened its brand image and customer loyalty.

7. **Financial Management**

– **Impact**: The uncertainty caused by the pandemic affected revenue streams, particularly in non-food segments, while operational costs increased due to health and safety measures.
– **Response**: Tesco implemented cost-cutting measures, focused on core business activities, and prioritized cash flow management. They temporarily halted dividend payments to maintain liquidity and reviewed their investment plans to align with the new business environment.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic forced Tesco to adapt its management practices significantly, focusing on agility, digital innovation, employee welfare, and supply chain resilience. These changes helped the company not only navigate the immediate challenges of the pandemic but also position itself for future growth in a post-pandemic world.

If you’d like, I can dive deeper into any specific aspect of Tesco’s response or provide more data-driven insights for your case study.

Handling Conflict in Nursing

Handling Conflict in Nursing
Paper details:
Reflect on an “issue or circumstance” in which you had to handle a conflict situation during your clinical practice.
Be respectful in your discussion as this is not meant to be a “venting” board but rather how to incorporate professionalism into one’s daily
clinical practice.
Use designated numbers to identify individual participants, for example – Nurse 2 or Physician 3 – so as to maintain confidentiality. Do not
provide any information that would identify either a person or setting.
Because this is an “experience” post no resources are required for the initial post.
Your initial post should be at least 200 words with a 250-word maximum.
Paragraph structure minimum of 3 paragraphs.
Correct grammar, spelling and punctuation are used.
Word count included at the end of the post.
You can pick whatever three topics I came up with since it needs to be nursing-related.
1. family conflict over DNR status.
2. disagreed with a doctor, whether it’s the way they didn’t listen to your concerns on a patient as the nurse or spoke to the family with a
diagnosis.
3. unsafe staffing ratio in the ICU, which is 1:2 safely.
Please don’t choose a scheduling conflict. It needs to be nursing-related and an actual conflict

Analyzing Risk Management Role in Mitigating Cyber Risks in Saudi Arabia

How to construct a good dissertation introduction?

Introduction Chapter

The Introduction might present discussions on the broader subject area and why it is interesting / relevant (eg, the practical and/or theoretical significance), more specific background on study area(s) / examples / themes, together with a brief overview of the structure of the Dissertation. It will certainly include the aims and objectives that are the central tenant of your Dissertation and that you will be critically analysing throughout. It is usually best to progress from the general to the specific, rather than the other way round (similar to when you choose your topic). This means that typically the theoretical aspects of the topic and its relevance should come before the specifics of case studies, field-site, etc. However, it may be necessary to introduce some of the later information here, particularly if it reinforces why the topic is of interest to the reader or emphasises any applied aspect of your work. Note that introductory (as well as concluding) chapters are often best written last.

Here are some key components of a good Introduction chapter:

  1. Background to the research or the context in which the research took place and why this subject or issue is important. In some cases, you might need to clarify key participants and/or ‘actors’ in the area under investigation, or some important trends or pivotal variables of which the reader needs to be made aware.
  2. Aim and objectives (or research questions): A clear and succinct statement of the aims and objectives that the Dissertation is going to address.
  3. Research rationale: The reasons why this study was carried out.
  4. Dissertation structure: What topics are going to be discussed in each of the chapters and how the chapters are related to each other. This section provides a ‘road map’ of the work ahead. Thus, at a glance, they can see (1) where they are starting from, (2) the context in which the journey is taking place, (3) where they are going to end up, and (4) the route which they will take to reach their final destination. Such a ‘map’ will enable the reader to navigate their way through your work much more easily and have maximum appreciation of what you have done.

 

Nowadays, most buildings are such as schools, offices, have been built with an open plan design. Discuss some of the reasons for this

Benefits of Open Space Designs in Buildings
Open plan design on buildings is an architectural and interior design term referring to any floor plan that minimizes the use of small rooms that are enclosed, such as offices, and utilizes large open spaces (Kaufmann-Buhler, 2021). The layout of the open-plan office design enables employees and students to work in an open space on the same floor. It speaks about the nature of the office or building occupants (Turner & Myerson, 2000). The key principles for open plan designs on buildings include the creation of zones for a variety of activities, ensuring that there is proper natural lighting and ventilation, and considering flexible arrangements of furniture. Essentially, open-plan office designs have made conventional office cubicles redundant. Creative and collaborative workspace environment has come into force. Open-plan design has a significant impact on society and, therefore, has a number of benefits. It encourages collaboration and teamwork by virtue of enabling all workers to be in one open space. It also promotes communication between people who all operate under one roof. Offices operating under open plan design are associated with enhanced productivity, flexibility, and increased opportunities for networking. In schools, the open plan helps students learn teamwork and collaborate in solving complex problems (Prain et al., 2014). Some of the disadvantages of the open-plan building design are increased levels of distraction and noise, lack of privacy, high levels of stress, and overcrowded workspaces (Higgins et al., 2005). People are different; some prefer to have some privacy, while others prefer an open environment that is lively and energetic. Open-plan office design confines all people, irrespective of their preferences, in one space. It creates conflict in the way people interact by combining the outgoing and the conservative people in one space. However, it helps workers learn to coexist and share limited resources by accommodating each other. In consideration of the advantages associated with the open plan building design, most schools and offices are using the plan. The paper discusses the various reasons that have led to the building of open-plan designs for most buildings for offices and schools.
The open-plan building design has numerous benefits associated with it. Even though not all personalities like the planning design, some people who enjoy working in a fast-paced environment enjoy the open plan building design (Turner & Myerson, 2000). The design is useful for employees who are keen on networking and collaborating with other employees. The spaces thrive off by means of socializing and communicating. The building plan promotes the sharing of ideas and building comradeship. The plan is also critical to people who value a sense of community and culture. Therefore, as much as the open building design is not liked by everyone, people who value some of the aspects discussed above enjoy operating in open space building design.
Such kinds of people who like open environments enjoy collaborations brought about by the open plan building design (Turner & Myerson, 2000). The open Environment as a workplace for employees enhances communication between employees and students and helps them share ideas. The open Environment enables people in open spaces to share ideas with like-minded colleagues, and this promotes creativity and enhances collaboration for projects among the employees.
An open-plan building plan also fosters networking among people or office dwellers (Kim & De Dear, 2013). Networking applies to employees from different fields working in the same space and connecting by virtue of being in the same Environment. Every time that individuals interact with new people, it helps in forming new relationships and creates possibilities for collaboration. Through collaboration, people manage to accomplish much more than what could have been accomplished individually.
Open-plan buildings have a relaxed atmosphere due to proper lighting and air circulation (Mi et al., 2020). The nature and setting of open plan office design enhances workflow at the workspace or school. Working in a good working environment, which is a result of the plan and design of the offices and workspaces, enables workers to enjoy their time at their place of work. It creates a conducive space for students to learn. Open-plan designs have better aesthetic value than closed-plan offices. The open-plan building design provides more freedom and space to workers, which is not only appealing but also helps in enabling the workers to enjoy their time and space at work.
Closed spaces, which have been the conventional workplace design for a long time, are limiting and suffocating (Kaufmann-Buhler, 2021). The closed walls hinder openness and keep individuals in isolation. Spending a lot of time in isolation is not as insightful as working in an open space. Therefore, the open space work design opens up the minds of workers. They have unlimited potential because they meet as many people as possible. During such interactions, individuals share ideas that are inspiring and, therefore, result in out-of-the-world solutions that could not have been realized if such people had never met and had a chance to exchange ideas.
The principles on which the design for the open plan office spaces constitutes the benefits realizable from the open plan building design (Ching, 2023). One such principle is the balance of privacy and interaction between workers. The design of workspaces based on open building design is oriented at facilitating communication and interaction between the workers. To create a balance between privacy and interaction, the workspaces are portioned into different zones to ensure that, for example, people in the finance department are all in one open space office, which is different from that of their marketing counterparts. This ensures that sensitive information in the finance department is confined to that department. However, it provides an open space for workers in the finance team to interact and communicate openly.
The health of the interior Environment is optimized by having an open well, well-lit, and aerated working space. A healthy working space is vital for the physiological and emotional well-being of the workers and students (Prain et al., 2014). The natural light and aeration enable the creation of a healthy and productive environment for people. It enhances energy, mood, and the well-being of the employees and learners.
Open-plan office design is guided by the principles of flexibility and adaptability (Mi et al., 2020). This is more so important in the context of the dynamic nature of work preferences, needs, and patterns. Open-plan office designs are created in consideration of the varying types of work and temperament of individuals. It is meant to accommodate different scenarios, such as reorganization, downsizing, and growth at the workplace.
Every organization aspires to cut as much cost as possible. Open office design helps organizations reduce their operational costs (Higgins et al., 2005). Open office plans are very simple to build and maintain. The cost of building them is lower than the conventional closed office design because they require less construction material and labor costs. The temperatures and lights in the building are controlled naturally. Therefore, little or no additional cost is incurred.
In modern times, the working Environment has changed from bureaucratic and hierarchical workspaces to more collaborative spaces with lower levels of hierarchies (Ching, 2023). The changes are reflected in the modern office building design, where the managers and their junior employees all work in the same space and interact openly. Therefore, change in building style reflects the cultural shift at work and aligns physical spaces with values and practices in contemporary society.
In conclusion, the many benefits associated with open plan design for most buildings for offices and schools have led to the adoption of the building plan. Some of these benefits include promoting interaction and communication between the people working in the offices. Offices operating under open plan design are associated with enhanced productivity, flexibility, and increased opportunities for networking. The buildings are cheaper to build and maintain. They are also eco-friendly.

References
Ching, F. D. (2023). Architecture: Form, space, and order. John Wiley & Sons.
Higgins, S., Hall, E., Wall, K., Woolner, P., & McCaughey, C. (2005). The impact of school
Environments: A literature review. London: Design Council.
Kaufmann-Buhler, J. (2021). Open Plan: A Design History of the American Office. India: Bloomsbury Academic.
Kim, J., & De Dear, R. (2013). Workspace satisfaction: The privacy-communication trade-off in open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology, pp. 36, 18–26.
Mi, J., Hong, B., Zhang, T., Huang, B., & Niu, J. (2020). Outdoor thermal benchmarks and their application to climate‒responsive designs of residential open spaces in a cold region of China. Building and Environment, p. 169, 106592.
Prain, V., Cox, P., Deed, C., Edwards, D., Farrelly, C., Keeffe, M., Lovejoy, V., Mow, L., Sellings, P., Waldrip, B., & Yager, Z. (2014). Adapting to teaching and learning in open-plan schools. Springer.
Turner, G., & Myerson, J. (2000). New workspace, new culture. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 23(5), 45.